Wet scrubber diagram 6 - 1. Download scientific diagram | (a) Schematic diagram showing the components air cleaning device (not drawn to scale),(b) photographs of the device. Miller, in Coal Energy Systems, 2005 Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization. Packed bed scrubbers are commonly A novel wet scrubber comprising of an oxidation and a reducing section in series was used for the removal of SO 2 and NO x from simulated ship emissions. 2. 1 a, b. 1 Design of wet scrubber Figure 1 shows a physical diagram of the improved wet scrubber which was used in this study's experimental testing processes. 8,92 m3/jam Pemeriksaan parameter emisi Efficiency of dry scrubber is less than that of wet scrubber. The main stages of the method are the pre-dust precipitator The mean pressure drop in the Download scientific diagram | Typical limestone wet FGD system (adapted from Miller and Miller 2010) from publication: Spray drying absorption for desulphurization: a review of recent Download CAD block in DWG. 81% and The schematic diagram of wet scrubber system with the proposed ANFIS controller is shown in Figure-1. Related Content. The exact working principle can vary Download scientific diagram | Schematic diagram of the diesel exhaust wet scrubber [7]. Collection Efficiency 3. Use this diagram and most common type of wet scrubbers are the spray tower scrubber, packed bed scrubber, mechanically aided scrubber, venturi scrubber, etc. Bruce G. Technology Comparison - Wet Scrubbers “Packed Towers” Benefits Most reliable and flexible vapor phase treatment technology High removal efficiency (99. The term describes a variety of devices that use pollutants from a furnace flue gas or from other Wet Scrubber Design B. Design Criteria for Wet Scrubber 55 3. There are other types of scrubbers, such as cross flow, bubble plate and tray scrubbers, and more sophisticated or proprietary designs. Allen Steam Wet scrubber extension reading. txt) or read online for free. An exhaust wet scrubber was experimentally investigated based on the heat transfer analysis for gas-liquid two-phase flow. 1 Control Technology: Wet scrubber [001, 002, 003]; also applicable to spray towers [052], venturi scrubbers [053], impingement scrubbers [055], and wet cyclonic separator [085] 1. Tri-Mer manufactures wet scrubbers for NOx, SO2, HCl, particulate, Learn more about “what is a wet scrubber”. How the AirPol Venturi Scrubber Works. 17. Jet scrubber 3. Photocatalytic oxidation method The photocatalytic oxidation method indicates that the Venturi scrubber - Download as a PDF or view online for free. Figure Download scientific diagram | Schematics of soda ash wet scrubber. Model Overview. SLY, LLC. The wet scrubber system works based on direct interaction between the adsorbent liquid and the particles. • Low liquid and energy requirements. 35 m ³ /h. 2 Perancangan Wet Scrubber Jenis Kolom Packed38 3. The vertical inlet pipe ends in the scrubbing chamber which contains liquid in two compartments, as Discover everything about packed bed wet scrubbers: operation, diagrams, main types, advantages, maintenance, troubleshooting, and price formation. Previous researchers attempted to improve the performance of exhaust wet scrubbers by reducing the humidity at the scrubber’s exit A Packed Bed Scrubber is a wet air scrubber that removes acids, soluble gasses, chemicals, fumes, The diagram below includes three towers in series that could be used for H 2 S and Download scientific diagram | Schematic drawing of wet packed scrubber [48]. The wet scrubber removes 40 to 90% of the flyash Methodology using wet scrubbers 2. Key Steps in be considered “wet” and will have a moisture content that can cause a rapid corrosion of steel; the term "dry chlorine" is sometimes incorrectly used to describe a dry chlorinating compound Wet Scrubber – Wet scrubbers remove dust particles via the use of liquid droplets. File Size 8. Wet dust scrubbing is a variation on The EVS-2000 emergency chlorine scrubber is a multi-stage wet scrubber system designed to treat up to 3-Ton of chlorine vapor, Process & Instrumentation Diagram EMERGENCY than wet scrubber systems (Srivastava, 2000). 2b shows the axial entry cyclones, the gas enter parallel to the axis of the cyclone body. Material Count. 3. Getting Started with Wet Scrubbers. A “close approach” to adiabatic saturation temperature sources. Dry Scrubber – Dry scrubbers use dry powders and chemicals to treat emissions. In a wet scrubber, the polluted gas stream is brought into Emissions Control Strategies for Power Plants. from publication: PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Flue Gas Desulfurization: Physicochemical and In the venture scrubber, gas laden with particulate matter passes through a constricted section of the scrubber where scrubbing liquid and gas reach high velocities, resulting in high turbulence Download scientific diagram | 21. Design Methodology 55 4. 1: schematic diagram of cyclone separator Figure 5. This is . From [ 17 ], the concentration of the PM at the scrubber exit yd, has a model as Air pollution control - Scrubbers, Emissions, Solutions: Devices called wet scrubbers trap suspended particles by direct contact with a spray of water or other liquid. Wet scrubbers are smaller and more compact than baghouses or ESPs. Suitable for units firing medium to low sulfur coal. A scrubber works by using various mechanisms to remove pollutants and contaminants from gas streams. Sometimes the mist is injected with The term wet scrubber describes a variety of devices that remove pollutants from a furnace flue gas or from other gas streams. LindaVH 2023 module as a gas analyzer for gas emission from the incinerator through a dynamic wet scrubber. 4 Perancangan Wet Scrubber di Software Aspen Plus 41 3. But spray tower scrubber described in SAM plus SO2/HCl removal - all in one wet scrubber. 8 6 Coke The wet scrubber with 16 blades was found to have the best dust removal efficiency at a water intake level of 1. An official Diagram of a Venturi Scrubber System. Construction 3. Figure 1. Different inlet Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the turbulent wet scrubber (TWS) developed in this study. Process description. Scrubbers for particle collection are categorized by the gas-side pressure drop of the Schematic diagram of wet scrubber system. This flue gas cleaning technique is mainly used for A wet scrubber, also known as a wet dust collector, works differently than a conventional baghouse or dry dust collector. 27 KB) Your account is inactive. In some wet scrubbing methods, the combusted flue gas is first treated by heat recovery before being passed into the scrubber. 8 3 Nitrogen ppm 1400 - 1900 4 IFB / FBP ºC 320/575 5 K UOP Factor 11. Wet Gas Scrubber 2. These are often installed to remove fine particles from volatile, hazardous or corrosive gas Exhaust wet scrubber schematic diagram. A well designed wet scrubber can be used to remove several gaseous Wet scrubber systems have some advantages over electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and baghouses. Rather than using a filter bag or cartridge, wet scrubbers rely Nederman Mikropul has developed various 2-stage wet scrubber designs. A wet scrubber’s ability to remove such contaminants results in a cleaner, safer environment for miles beyond the pollutant-producing facility. Domains of Use 3. from publication: Removal of high concentrations of NOx and SO2 from diesel off-gases using a hybrid electron beam For more information about designing and installing a wet scrubber for your company, discuss your specific needs with MACH Engineering. Wet scrubber systems have some advantages over electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and baghouses. The recovery boiler flue gas scrubber Venturi Wet Scrubber Pictures and Diagrams. Exhaust wet scrubber schematic diagram. This diagram shows a collection pool at the bottom where the waste liquid is drained off, A wet scrubber or wet scrubber system is one type of Understand the flue gas desulfurization process with detailed flow diagrams. 7 MB. 0 micrometers in diameter. In this case the dust laden gases enter Good gas-to-liquid contact is essential to obtain high removal efficiencies in absorbers. Filterable (solid) particulate is removed in the wet scrubber. Different inlet operating conditions for gas phase such as Download scientific diagram The wet scrubber with 16 blades was found to have the best dust removal efficiency at a water intake level of 1. Contact MACH Engineering for The flow diagram presented in this slide shows schematically a process that might be the subject of MACT EEE, the hazardous waste combustor MACT. 2 Impinjet® Wet Scrubber Pictures and Diagrams . 14 Air Emissions/Off-Gas Treatment >>4. View our Corpus ID: 36721079; PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WET SCRUBBER SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL AIR POLLUTION CONTROL Wet scrubber designs include spray tower, tray-type, and packed-bed scrubbers, which are generally referred to as low-energy scrubbers. Wet scrubbers are the most common FGD method currently in Wet Chemical Scrubbers. from publication: A review on methods of flue gas cleaning from combustion of biomass | Application of renewable Diagram . A wet scrubber’s ability to collect particulate matter is often directly propranolol to the power input An exhaust wet scrubber was experimentally investigated based on the heat transfer analysis for gas-liquid two-phase flow. In wet scrubbers, the flue gas enters a large vessel (spray Download scientific diagram A pilot-scale packed-bed wet scrubber with plastic packing materials was made and experimented to control hydrogen sulfide. The PFD image below shows a block diagram of a thermal oxidizer SO 2 scrubber with forced oxidation. Vapor scrubber (129. The Download scientific diagram | Effect of liquid level on pressure drop in the turbulent wet scrubber (color figure available online). • Capacities of 700 – 100,000 m³/hr Operation: Scrubbing Diagram . View In AR. Construction of this scrubber is more complex due to the necessity of the fan operating in a wet and possibly corrosive gas stream. Various wet-scrubber designs are used to remove gaseous pollutants, with one of Wet scrubber systems have some advantages over electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) and baghouses. The first step to getting the best wet scrubbing system possible is knowing what your application needs. A comprehensive guide for professionals. Wet Scrubber Treats Dryer Exhaust Monroe Multi-Stage Scrubbing System to remove particulate from a food dryer prior to VOC destruction with a regenerative thermal oxidizer. A venturi scrubber is designed to effectively use the energy from a high-velocity inlet gas stream to atomize the liquid being used to scrub the scrubber inlet gas must be separated from the outlet gas stream using a mist eliminator. The air flow with dust is analyzed in the dry scrubber and water is added for the analysis in the wet scrubber unit. The larger the wet scrubber, the more air volume it can . Types of Wet Scrubber Since wet scrubbers vary in complexity and its method of operation so we divide it in following categories. from publication: Optimization of Ammonia Absorption Using A wet scrubber is an air pollution control device that uses liquid to remove contaminants/gases from the exhaust streams. Join the GrabCAD Community today to gain access and download! At AirPol, we are able to design a wet scrubber that fits your needs. Wet scrubber has a higher particle removal efficiency, causing the concentration of particulate matter at the inlet and outlet of the scrubber differs by two orders of magnitude. Dust, particles: fine, sticky, hygroscopic; Inorganic gaseous components Diagram Process description Working principle. 2 shows a Facility diagram of wet scrubber combined with plasma electrostatic precipitator [103]. How Do Wet Scrubbers Work? Particle Capture. from publication: Evaluating the performance of a turbulent wet Wet Scrubber Manual - Free download as PDF File (. The G. 58 Scrubbers: Introduction>> Scrubber is an air washer with refinement device which is used for Inside a wet scrubber, solid particles and gases are trapped as they pass through a fine water mist (refer to Figure 1 or the attached How a Wet Scrubber Cleans Polluted Air Diagram). Its total dust and respirable dust removal efficiency reached 96. Salami Abstract Wet scrubber systems have inherent advantages over other air pollu-tion control devices as Spesifikasi Wet Scrubber Keterangan Nilai Temperatur scrubber 250°C Kapasitas Scrubber 7. Contents: Introduction Principle of Operation Diagram Particle Collection Gas collection Operating Parameters to monitor as an alternative to scrubber liquid outlet concentration include scrubber liquid pH, scrubber liquid specific gravity, and scrubber makeup/blowdown How does scrubber works. The sketch below Particulate scrubbers: Wet scrubber is a form of pollution control technology. Jump to main content. from publication: Wet Flue Gas Desulphurization (FGD) Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Download scientific diagram of the plasma-wet scrubber were confirmed. This new scrubber operates at low pressure drop as well as minimizes the typical hazards associated with high voltage or the handling of • Most economical wet scrubber lineup. Join the GrabCAD Community today to gain access and download! Diagram Alir Proses Produksi Biogas dan Etanol 6 Diagram Alir Pengolahan Limbah PT Enero 8 Mekanisme Transfer Massa 11 Skema Kolom Wet Scrubber Countercurrent 12 Garis Operasi Before flue gas desulfurization was installed, the emissions from the Four Corners Generating Station in New Mexico contained a significant amount of sulfur dioxide. Integrated control mechanisms play a vital role in monitoring and regulating various parameters, including absorbent flow A simplified process flow diagram of a conventional wet scrubber is shown in the figure below. Instrumentation 60 SECTION G Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) 1 Figure Working Principle of Wet Scrubber. Packed Scrubber Towers 3. Umar, and Momoh Jimoh E. In wet scrubbers, the flue gas enters a large vessel (spray tower or absorber), where it is sprayed Wet scrubbers have numerous industrial applications including industrial boilers, incinerators, metals processing, chemical production, and asphalt production, and fertilizer production. In effect, a scrubber 3. Wet scrubbers are smaller and more compact than baghouses or from nozzles type of scrubber is effective in collection of fine particulate. The five principal designs customizable to meet your requirements: Scrubber with no moving parts wet scrubber. Also, costs have been reduced significantly from 150 Packed bed absorbers are a common wet scrubber technology for removing SO 2. It effectively prevents chemical fumes from re-entering the lab while meeting pollution Figure 1. See more A schematic diagram of a wet scrubber is shown in Figure 5. See a diagram of a wet scrubber system and its components, and find out its advantages and disadvantages. Schematic diagram of self-priming venturi scrubber at submerged and non-submerged conditions are shown in Fig. The most commonly used is a Nederman Mikropul Venturi Scrubber with a Packed Bed section. Reactions Involved SO 2 + Ca(OH) 2 → CaSO 3 + H 2 O (Calcium Wet dust collector; Scrubber; Dust scrubber Removed components. Beberapa keunggulan wet scrubber Figure 1. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of Wet scrubber boiler design for cleaning flue exhaust involves several crucial elements. It’s important to remember that 3. The vertical inlet pipe ends in the scrubbing chamber which contains liquid in two Schematic Diagram of a Device with a Packed Bed. 5 and 5. Swirl scrubbers 3. The most common type of wet scrubber is a packed bed counterflow scrubber. Typical design of a wet scrubber dust collector. 11 microns, the micron level particles of wet and dry scrubber units. from publication: Underground Diesel Exhaust Wet Scrubbers: Current Status and Future Prospects | Diesel B&W’s wet scrubber provides control of several pollutants in addition to SO 2. 4. Download . As Air flow through the scrubber, based on cubic ft/min. Venturi scrubbers are part of the group of air pollution control systems known as wet scrubbers. from publication: Optimization of Ammonia Absorption Using Acid Spray Wet Scrubbers | Packed SECTION F Wet Scrubber 1. from publication: Dust Control Handbook for Industrial Minerals Mining and Processing RI 9689 REPORT OF A typical process flow diagram of a conventional wet scrubber including gas handling and SO2 absorption is shown in Figure 1. The first stage of a wet scrubber’s operation involves capturing and removing particulate matter from the exhaust gas. • 90%+ collection efficiency in 1 – 3 micron range. To request a reactivation you can contact us by email atsoporte@bibliocad. [4] A venturi scrubber employs a gradually converging and then diverging section, called the throat, to clean incoming gaseous streams. Raj Mohan,2 Seung-Hyeok Byeon,1 Kyung-Soo Always moving forward 2 No Properties Unit Values 1 Density Kg/m3 916 –935 2 Sulphur % 1. Related Resource. . A wet scrubber’s ability to collect particulate matter is often directly propranolol to the power input The type of wet scrubber that finds the greatest application is the venturi with cyclonic separator combination, or electrostatic/wet cyclone combination. Technology>> Air Emissions/Off-Gas Treatment >>3. Sodium chlorite Download scientific diagram | Schematic of inertial counter-flow wet scrubber (left) and Venturi scrubber (right) from publication: Particulate Matter Emission Reduction from Marine Diesel Download scientific diagram | Wet scrubber collection efficiency from publication: Influence of the Spray Scrubber Geometry on the Efficiency of Dust Removal – Theoretical Predictions and The packed tower wet scrubber operates by promoting intimate contact between the phases as the gas flows upwards and the wash solution flows downwards over the structured elements. Our experts advise system EPA-CICA Fact Sheet Packed-Bed/Packed-Tower Scrubber1 Name of Technology: Packed-Bed/Packed-Tower Wet Scrubber This type of technology is a part of the group of air pollu tion TECHNICAL PAPER Evaluating the performance of a turbulent wet scrubber for scrubbing particulate matter Byeong-Kyu Lee,1,⁄ B. Rotary scrubbers 3. EPA Fact Sheet - Spray Chamber/Spray Tower 1. Sludge discharge nozzle. Impingement scrubbers are one wet scrubber confi guration used to bring exhaust gases into contact with a sorbent designed to remove the SO 2. Architecture. Careers Contact Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the turbulent wet scrubber (TWS) developed in this study. Two main types of air pollution control equipment are used to solve the problems of air treatment from three stage dual-flow sieve plate column wet scrubber and the effect of different operating variables on HCl removal efficiency of scrubber. Operating experience 4. 9 represents a maximum value of dust Particle concentration with flue gas at the inner port of 9. Materials and Methods Materials Download scientific diagram | Scheme of the wet scrubber system. Diagram of typical chemical The dry dust separation unit may be replaced by a wet scrubber, for instance a Venturi scrubber, in which the gas is precooled and the coarse dust fractions are removed. However, they weigh much more than wet systems. from publication: Influence of liquid and gas flow rates on sulfuric acid mist removal from air by packed bed Volume fraction of Proposed wet scrubber as shown in Fig. 2. When the total flow rate was 100 L/min and the measured maximum power (11 kW), The EVS-150 emergency chlorine scrubber is a multi-stage wet scrubber system designed to treat chlorine vapors from a bank of 150lb (70kg) chlorine cylinders, EVS-150 - The GrabCAD Library offers millions of free CAD designs, CAD files, and 3D models. The vertical inlet pipe ends in the Scrubber internals/mist eliminators This Tri-Mer model is also available in three versions, including single-stage units, and multi-stage wet sections has a long, successful track record 1. 5 Analisis Kinerja Wet Scrubber Hasil Rancangan 47 BAB IV the scrubber inlet gas must be separated from the outlet gas stream using a mist eliminator. Figure 1 shows a physical diagram of the improved wet scrubber which was used in this study’s experimental testing processes. com. 2 Applications of Wet Scrubber. determined by the process to be handled by the scrubber, through information provided by customer and Tri-Mer analysis. The performance of a lime spray dry scrubber is more sensitive to operating conditions. 5%+) Can respond In a wet scrubber, the polluted gas stream is brought into contact with the scrubbing liquid, by spraying it with the liquid, by forcing it through a pool of liquid, or by some Wet scrubbers are compatible and effective air pollution control devices to arrest particulate matters and polluting gases coming out of industrial processes as air polluting Download scientific diagram | Effect of scrubbing liquid acidity (pH) or H 2 SO 4 concentration (% w/v) on NH 3 collection efficiency. Flue-gas volume handling capacity of dry scrubber tower is limited; hence, The Aero Dry Scrubber by ScienceByDesign is designed for urban laboratories with multiple fume hoods. Learn how a wet scrubber works to remove harmful materials from industrial exhaust gases using a wet substance. They effectively remove gases, particulate matter, and soluble substances from the gas stream. This resource details Download scientific diagram | Counter-current single stage packed tower scrubber. Danzomo, Sambo A. The wet scrubber has a significant impact onmanaging the quality of the air around it. Download scientific diagram | Wet scrubbing process Aspen Plus ® flowsheet [27]. The document provides installation, operation and maintenance instructions for Midwest Air Wet scrubbers are traditionally used as dedusting systems in waste incineration plants for wet flue gas treatment. 135 m3/jam Sifat Emisi Asam Kecepatan Alir b. Cadastre-se e oferte em trabalhos Download scientific diagram The first results showed a reduction of the NOx emissions of about 27% by using a gas washing with wet scrubber, followed by bubbling in water, The GrabCAD Library offers millions of free CAD designs, CAD files, and 3D models. Fig. Wet scrubbers use water or other liquids to capture and neutralize pollutants. pdf), Text File (. Comments (0) Model Info. 1. A direct heat exchanger is a heat exchanger in which the In the present work, we designed and developed a turbulent scrubber to effectively remove dust particles arising from a coal- powered thermal power plant. The wet scrubber In most developed countries, wet scrubber (flue-gas desulfurization; FGD) technology is a well-established process for removing SO 2. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the turbulent wet scrubber (TWS) developed in this study. Figure While the term “scrubber” is used across particulate and gas scrubbers the devices can be very different and suitable for varying applications. 3. A. Among them, the electric method has been Figure 1. Although there are several positive aspects of wet Download scientific diagram | Schematic of a typical counter-current spray scrubber. Dusty exhaust gas enters the flanged Venturi Scrubber Inlet connection via ductwork from the process/emission source. METHODOLOGY/MODEL DESCRIPTION At Proquip We’re Committed To Providing Our Customers With Simple And Easy Access To Parts Drawings And Wiring Diagrams For Our Commercial And Industrial Cleaning To control NOx (nitrogen oxide) emitted from point-of-use (POU) scrubbers during semiconductor production, O3 was injected into the inlet of a wet scrubber to oxidize NO to NO2, and Na2S, between 0. On occasion, wet scrubbers have Free CAD and BIM blocks library - content for AutoCAD, AutoCAD LT, Revit, Inventor, Fusion 360 and other 2D and 3D CAD applications by Autodesk. Packed-Bed Development of the Turbulent Wet Scrubber. 4 (Kansas Figure 1 - Venturi scrubber Ejector venturi scrubber. In a wet scrubber process air is drawn through a mist of water made by spray nozzles, then through separators where water droplets with dust and particles are removed. It is used to Air Pollution: Lesson 10, Washing Air Activity – How a Wet Scrubber Cleans Polluted Air Diagram How a Wet Scrubber Cleans Polluted Air Source: Natalie Mach, Graduate Fellow, Integrated Busque trabalhos relacionados a Wet scrubber diagram ou contrate no maior mercado de freelancers do mundo com mais de 23 de trabalhos. Venturi TORNADO-FB fluidized Bed Scrubber With a Venturi Tube Performance: 600 — 30 000 cfm The Multi-Venturi Wet 13 4-1 Simplified flow diagram of flyash scrubbers, Four Corners Plant (Arizona Public Service) 21 4-2 Flow diagram of combined particulate-SCL scrubber system at Lawrence No. Below is a packed bed scrubber 8. The size of the wet scrubber is proportional to its ability to handle the air volume. Discover how wet, dry, and semi-dry technologies manage SO₂ emissions. Schematic diagram of the diesel exhaust wet scrubber [7]. Dust collection methods to remove fine dust are mainly classified into dry, wet, cyclone, and electric methods, as shown in Figure 3 [12, 13, 14]. Chemical scrubbers are a highly efficient way to remove H 2 S odour and other soluble contaminants from an odorous airstream. A diagram of a wet scrubber. 4. Venturi Scrubber Sizing and Dimensions. 5. from publication: Optimization Of Dust Removal In 2. G. Introduction 54 2. The wet lime injection process combines the advantages of scrubbers and (semi) dry lime injection. 1 Design of wet scrubber. Figure Sebagai alat pengendali partikel, wet scrubber (disebut juga wet collector) dinilai performanya terhadap fabric filter dan electrostatic precipitator (ESPs). 6 - 11. TiO2 nanoparticles were A wet scrubber is an air treatment device used for cleaning from mechanical impurities. Download: Download high-res image (130KB) EPA-CICA Fact Sheet Packed Bed/Packed Tower Scrubber1 Name of Technology: Venturi Scrubber This type of technology is a part of the group of air pollu tion Dry scrubber systems consume less power than wet systems as they do not require circulation pumps. ’s venturi wet scrubbers are available in a variety of sizes and dimensions to cater to your specific application. Wet Scrubber Wet scrubbers to solve air pollution control problems for over 40 years. In Download scientific diagram | Schematic of wet scrubber model with resistance (upper row of blocks) and volume (lower row of blocks) elements from publication: Modelling and Simulation The principal flow diagram of the spray dry scrubbing method is shown in Figure 5. A scrubber is a waste gas treatment installation in which a gas stream is brought into intensive contact with a liquid, with the aim of allowing certain gaseous Figure 5. Polygon Count 657,597. Full size image. Although these devices are not particularly performant at This page is about Wet Scrubber For Particulate Matter controls used to reduce pollutant emissions. CAD blocks and How a wet scrubber works Flue gas desulfurization systems, also called scrubbers, use chemical and mechanical processes to remove sulfur dioxide from gas produced by burning coal.
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